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  • Think Tank’s talking points deepen the divide over climate change

     

     

    Hot Topics

    16 February 2012, 4.11pm AEST

    Think tank’s talking points deepen the divide over climate change

    The trouble with words is that you never know whose mouths they’ve been in. —– Dennis Potter Readers following the Australian news media’s coverage of climate change will probably have detected the conspiracy theories designed to discredit climate science and climate scientists. These conspiracy theories…

    Author

    Disclosure Statement

    Elaine McKewon receives an Australian Postgraduate Award Scholarship from the Australian government’s Department of Industry, Innovation, Science, Research and Tertiary Education. This full-time PhD scholarship was awarded to enable research that is in the public interest and free of vested interests.

    The University of Technology, Sydney is a Founding Partner of The Conversation.

    Our goal is to ensure the content is not compromised in any way. We therefore ask all authors to disclose any potential conflicts of interest before publication.

    Icon-cc Licence to republish

    We license our articles under Creative Commons — attribution, no derivatives.

    Click here to get a copy of this article to republish.

    8std3pyf-1329365411 Valiant sceptics have taken on the evil dragon of climate change conspiracy. magia e/Flickr

    The trouble with words is that you never know whose mouths they’ve been in. —– Dennis Potter

    Readers following the Australian news media’s coverage of climate change will probably have detected the conspiracy theories designed to discredit climate science and climate scientists.

    These conspiracy theories label the scientific consensus on anthropogenic global warming “a hoax”, “a religion” or a “scare tactic” concocted to justify higher taxes and arbitrary, draconian restrictions on the personal freedoms of “helpless” and “disenfranchised” citizens.

    Purveyors of this alternative reality tell us the entire global community of climate scientists has fabricated or exaggerated the threat of climate change to secure further funding for their research. This has been aided and abetted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a “political” organisation bent on fomenting a global warming crisis in order to install a left-wing totalitarian world government.

    At first, it may seem surprising that such dramatistic, florid “fantasy themes” would appear so often in editorials and opinion columns of major newspapers – usually penned by conservative members of the press who cast minority-view scientists as modern day Galileos.

    Occasionally, the contrarians themselves variously compare the field of climate science to the powerful religious elite who persecuted Galileo and the Stalinist regime who sent dissident scientists to the gulags or to their deaths.

    Who is the modern-day Galileo? Children of the Concrete/Flickr

    My recently published study, Talking Points Ammo, found that many of these fantasy themes were developed by the Institute of Public Affairs (IPA), a Melbourne-based neoliberal think tank. They were then published in the Australian news media – first via op-eds written by IPA staff and associate scholars, and then by way of ideologically sympathetic newspaper editors, reporters and opinion columnists.

    Who is the IPA?

    Today, the IPA is a high-profile organisation that consistently rejects the evidence for anthropogenic climate change and opposes mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Its staff and associate scholars are usually presented as independent experts who provide unbiased commentary.

    However, the IPA has had a close relationship with the Liberal Party of Australia since its inception in the early 1940s. The IPA was founded by members of the emerging Liberal Party in the early 1940s. Since then, a number of the IPA’s staff – including current executive director John Roskam – have either run for public office as Liberal candidates or worked as staffers for Liberal MPs.

    Environmentalists are green on the outside, but suspiciously red when opened. leff/Flickr

    Despite its non-profit status, the IPA accepts significant donations from corporate sponsors such as the tobacco industry as well as the fossil fuel, mining and energy industries. These benefit from the IPA’s use of the news media to promote political agendas that serve the interests of those sponsors.

    Finally there is the IPA’s board of directors, which usually includes senior Liberal Party figures and senior mining and energy company executives.

    News media outlets have just reported that one of the IPA’s associate scholars and most prominent climate contrarians, Professor Bob Carter, is allegedly receiving funds from the Heartland Institute, a US think tank that also rejects the scientific consensus on climate change.

    Who is saying what and where

    In my recent article I report an analysis of three datasets:

    • magazine articles published in The IPA Review between 1989 and 2009

    • opinion pieces written by IPA senior staff and published in Australian newspapers between 1989 and 2009.

    • editorials and opinion columns that praised IPA associate scholar Ian Plimer and his book Heaven & Earth during April-June 2009, in the lead-up to the first Australian parliamentary debates on introducing an emissions trading scheme.

    Using a combination of Discourse Analysis and Fantasy Theme Analysis, the study identified nine discrete anti-climate-science fantasy themes developed by the IPA and published in the Australian news media.

    (Discourse Analysis takes into account the practices associated with the production and consumption of media texts. This study examined media texts for their immediate content as well as their relationship to other texts. Fantasy Theme Analysis takes a structured look at the narratives that express a group’s dramatic interpretation of a real-life event; this includes basic components such as characters and plot lines.)

    The nine themes were grouped into two categories. In the first category, “a plea for scientific truth”, there are four fantasy themes:

    • climate scientists as rent-seeking frauds
    • climate scientists as dissent-stifling elite
    • Plimer as Galileo
    • Plimer as the people’s scientist.

    The second grouping, “religious, political and economic conspiracies”, includes five fantasy themes:

    • climate science as religion
    • environmentalism as religion
    • climate science as left-wing conspiracy
    • green as the new red
    • climate change mitigation as money-spinning scam.

    Climate change: it’s a religion. Universe Catholic Archives

    To understand these dramatic themes we use Ernest Bormann’s Symbolic Convergence Theory and Fantasy Theme Analysis. As Bormann explains:

    “When someone dramatizes an event he or she must select certain people to be the focus of the story and present them in a favorable light while selecting others to be portrayed in a more negative fashion … Interpreting events in terms of human action allows us to assign responsibility, to praise or blame, to arouse and propitiate guilt, to hate, and to love.”

    Thus, a fantasy theme is a dramatised morality-based narrative driven by stock characters such as heroes and villains.

    In the study’s first grouping of fantasy themes, “the plea for scientific truth”, climate scientists are portrayed as villains whose published research forms the basis of the scientific consensus on climate change. The heroes are contrarian or “sceptic” scientists who reject the scientific consensus and speak truth to power at the risk of incurring the wrath of the iron-fisted “establishment”.

    It’s all a conspiracy

    These fantasy themes tell the story of a global cabal of climate scientists who are consumed with protecting their privileged status and blind to the “reality” that anthropogenic climate change has no evidentiary basis. The primary plot line sees this powerful scientific elite dominating and controlling the field of climate science and suppressing the “scientific truth” by persecuting the scientific voices of dissent.

    Rajendra Pachauri and Ban Ki-Moon conspiring to institute a New World Order. United Nations

    In the second category of fantasy themes, “religious, political and economic conspiracies”, by far the most frequently used fantasy theme was “climate science as religion”. This theme enables evidence-based scientific conclusions to be dismissed as an arbitrary set of beliefs or dogma.

    The plot line of the fantasy theme “climate science as left-wing political conspiracy” sees the environmental religion’s leftist allies (Labor and Green political parties, and even the United Nations) using climate change as a “scare tactic”. The aim is to consolidate their political power, increase taxes to redistribute wealth, and impose a New World Order that will compromise national sovereignty and restrict personal freedoms.

    These two fantasy themes serve to delegitimise the most vocal social groups who support action on climate change: the environmental movement and the political left. They are portrayed not as people rationally responding to a real environmental threat identified by the science. They are variously cast as irrational religious fundamentalists following a doomsday cult or as left-wing conspirators cynically using a fabricated or exaggerated threat to pursue political goals.

    A good story can take you a long way

    Together, these fantasy themes construct a rhetorical vision – an alternative reality – that is consistent with the ideology promoted by neoliberal think tanks such as the IPA and the hostility they provoke towards traditional “enemies” such as the environmental movement and the political left.

    These fantasy themes serve as important markers of group identity for the IPA and its coalition of associate scholars, editors, opinion columnists and readers. They repeat the narratives – for example, in letters to the editor or in online comments or discussion forums. This repetition is a strong indication that they see themselves as members of the group.

    Finally, the chaining out of these fantasy themes through the news media serves to build and sustain the rhetorical community. It also continues to propagate doubt about the reality, causes and consequences of climate change. And once doubt is sown, the game is changed. Whether you can back up your statements or not, creating doubt, making a non-contentious issue contentious, entirely reframes the debate.

    In this case, the fantasy themes are helping to build and sustain a social movement that has at its core a deep and abiding suspicion of climate science, climate scientists and anyone who accepts the scientific consensus. This further serves to justify inaction on climate change.

     

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    26 Comments

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    1. Tim Scanlon

      Tim Scanlon

      Climate and Agronomic Extension at Department of Agriculture and Food – Western Australia

      Score: +11

      insightful +
      unconstructive –

      The tactics and payments oil companies have made to think tanks that are anti-science have recently been exposed. Internal company documents have come to light showing the fraudulent practices of the people involved.

      http://www.skepticalscience.com/denialgate-heartland.html
      http://www.desmogblog.com/heartland-confirms-it-mistakenly-emailed-internal-documents
      http://www.desmogblog.com/heartland-institute-exposed-internal-documents-unmask-heart-climate-denial-machine
      http://www.desmogblog.com/mashey-report-confirms-heartland-s-manipulation-exposes-singer-s-deception

      This needs even bigger media coverage than the specious accusations leveled at climate scientists. This is documented fraud, not someone’s opinion.

      • about 16 hours ago
        1. Marc Hendrickx

          Marc Hendrickx

          Geologist

          logged in via email @gmail.com

          Score: -10

          insightful +
          unconstructive –

          Tim, can you please clarify your claims of fraud on this. It appears the only fraud here is on the part of those (one presumes them to be CAGW activists) who have acquired and disseminated the documents. For it seems that one document, that has been the focus of much attention is a fake, and a very clumsily one at that. Anthony Watts has a concise post on this at WUWT.

          http://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/02/15/notes-on-the-fake-heartland-document/

          None of the climategate emails were faked.

          • about 13 hours ago
            1. Tim Scanlon

              Tim Scanlon

              Climate and Agronomic Extension at Department of Agriculture and Food – Western Australia

              Score: +8

              insightful +
              unconstructive –

              Marc you are still in denial. Lakely confirmed the validity of the documents and how they were emailed to people.

              Denier fraudsters are just in damage control, trying to convince everyone they aren’t anti-science, when they are.

              Oh, and those hacked emails, I’ve actually read them and not just the cherry picked quotes. There is nothing but scientists discussing science there.

              • about 11 hours ago
                1. Marc Hendrickx

                  Marc Hendrickx

                  Geologist

                  logged in via email @gmail.com

                  Score: -11

                  insightful +
                  unconstructive –

                  Tim follow the link. It should be easy for Heartland to provide the original email.

                  lets see “scientists discussing science” you say…

                  Tim Mitchell #0051: Our Wednesday lunchtime Bible study course on John’s Gospel finished last week, so in half an hour we will be gathering some of the regulars together to sit in the sunshine and talk. Perhaps the more informal structure will allow one or two of the students to open up to us? The Lod knows…

                  Ben Santer 125510087: “Next time I see Pat…

                  show full comment

                  • about 11 hours ago
                    1. Tim Scanlon

                      Tim Scanlon

                      Climate and Agronomic Extension at Department of Agriculture and Food – Western Australia

                      Score: +2

                      insightful +
                      unconstructive –

                      And you cherry pick again Marc.

                      Interesting that you would link to Anthony Watts’ comments, seeing as how he was one of the people shown to have been paid off. We knew he took money from big oil and Heartland to go on his pointless crusade (weather stations located in bad places, really? Can’t think why they adjust data then. Not that weather has anything to do with climate).

                      I see he gets paid roughly $100,000 per year by Heartleand/Big oil to run a denial webpage now. Talk about vested interest.

                      • about 8 hours ago
                        1. Marc Hendrickx

                          Marc Hendrickx

                          Geologist

                          logged in via email @gmail.com

                          Score: -3

                          insightful +
                          unconstructive –

                          I have passed on your comments to Anthony and his legal team and provided them with Andrew Jaspan’s email address. You are lying, defaming Watts and making this site open to legal action. At the the very least an an apology is in order. Here’s what Anthony Watts is doing with the money from Heartland. Surprising that you would not support such an altruistic endeavour that will not cost the public a cent.

                          “They do not regularly fund me nor my WUWT website, I take no salary from them of any kind…

                          show full comment

                          • about 2 hours ago
                            1. Davoe McNamee

                              Davoe McNamee

                              logged in via email @gmail.com

                              Score: +2

                              insightful +
                              unconstructive –

                              Oh the Irony. Anthony Watts suing for defamation. This from the guy who implied Michael Mann was involved in the child-sex scandal at Penn State.
                              One suspects Tim Scanlon will sleep easily without any knocks on the door from Watt’s lawyers.

                            2. Davoe McNamee

                              Davoe McNamee

                              logged in via email @gmail.com

                              Score: +1

                              insightful +
                              unconstructive –

                              Ah Bob it must be the “the BBC, commercial television, all major newspapers, the Royal Society, the Chief Scientist, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishop of London, David Attenborough, countless haloed-image organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, and even Prince Charles himself” at it again.

                            3. Marc Hendrickx

                              Marc Hendrickx

                              Geologist

                              logged in via email @gmail.com

                              Score: -3

                              insightful +
                              unconstructive –

                              Here’s a more detailed description of the project from the Heartland papers:
                              Weather Stations Project
                              Every few months, weathermen report that a temperature record – either high
                              or low – has been broken somewhere in the U.S. This is not surprising, since weather is highly variable and reliable instrument records date back less than 100 years old. Regrettably, news of these broken records is often used by environmental extremists as evidence that human emissions are causing either global warming…

                              show full comment

                            4. Marc Hendrickx

                              Marc Hendrickx

                              Geologist

                              logged in via email @gmail.com

                              Score: -1

                              insightful +
                              unconstructive –

                              More media attention?
                              Leaked Docs From Heartland Institute Cause a Stir—but Is One a Fake?

                              http://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2012/02/leaked-docs-from-heartland-institute-cause-a-stir-but-is-one-a-fake/253165/

                              • 36 minutes ago
                                1. Paul Richards

                                  Paul Richards

                                  logged in via Twitter

                                  Score:

                                  insightful +
                                  unconstructive –

                                  Marc – would it be appropriate to as believe what one of Josef Goebbels minions said in their media about Nazi Party motive? Please give your readers some credit.

                                2. Paul Richards

                                  Paul Richards

                                  logged in via LinkedIn

                                  Score: +7

                                  insightful +
                                  unconstructive –

                                  Elaine – you nailed it, excellent piece now watch the fur fly.

                                  This global set of propaganda started by the very same agencies as the tobacco industry used is being see for what it is.

                                  Not before time the human collective intelligence is way beyond “Marlboro Man” tactics, it’s transparent to the generations of youth following, who understand and have learned about these strategies in K8 – K12 classes. The time for reckoning is coming “baby boomers” and older, you are gradually becoming redundant.

                                  • about 15 hours ago
                                    1. Dale Bloom

                                      Dale Bloom

                                      Laboratory analyst

                                      logged in via email @mail.com

                                      Score: +2

                                      insightful +
                                      unconstructive –

                                      Objection.

                                      Discrimination on the grounds of age.

                                      see Age Discrimination Act 2004

                                      http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ada2004174/

                                      • about 14 hours ago
                                        1. Paul Richards

                                          Paul Richards

                                          logged in via LinkedIn

                                          Score: +2

                                          insightful +
                                          unconstructive –

                                          Dale – noted and apologise for any sensitivities.
                                          There are evolved “baby boomers” here, they know who they are.

                                          • about 8 hours ago
                                            1. Dale Bloom

                                              Dale Bloom

                                              Laboratory analyst

                                              logged in via email @mail.com

                                              Score: -1

                                              insightful +
                                              unconstructive –

                                              Paul,

                                              I won’t argue about it. You carried out age discrimination. Read the act

                                              http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ada2004174/

                                            2. Andy King

                                              Andy King

                                              Physics teacher

                                              logged in via email @bigpond.com

                                              Score: -4

                                              insightful +
                                              unconstructive –

                                              Paul, what would be interesting would be if Elaine was to apply the same critical techniques to the proponents of AGW. Under that constructivist form of scrutiny, that particular viewpoint would not look particularly valid. As it stands her argument adds nothing to the debate and is little more than a hatchett job on a view to which she is clearly opposed – warm & fuzzy if you agree with her, cold and heartless if you dont.

                                            3. Byron Smith

                                              Byron Smith

                                              PhD candidate in Christian Ethics at University of Edinburgh

                                              Score: +3

                                              insightful +
                                              unconstructive –

                                              Someone has had fun with the images and captions on this excellent article by Ms McKewon. Minor point: the first image does not show a dragon.

                                            4. Gavin Moodie

                                              Gavin Moodie

                                              Principal Policy Adviser

                                              logged in via email @telstra.com

                                              Score:

                                              insightful +
                                              unconstructive –

                                              It is interesting that the IPA and other right wingers call climate science and environmentalism pejoratively a religion, when presumably most of them or their supporters are conservative christians.

                                            5. Marc Hendrickx

                                              Marc Hendrickx

                                              Geologist

                                              logged in via email @gmail.com

                                              Score: -14

                                              insightful +
                                              unconstructive –

                                              Bob Carter pulls in $1550 a month from the private Heartland Institute to promote climate rationalism and this is somehow a scandal? His relationship with Heartland is no secret, he is an author of the Heartland funded NIPCC summary report. The amount Carter gets is 10x less than Climate Commissioner Tim Flannery syphons from the public’s threadbare purse as the government’s number one agent for alarmist climate propaganda and billions less than the cost of Flannery’s advice and dodgy weather predictions…

                                              show full comment

                                            6. Marc Hendrickx

                                              Marc Hendrickx

                                              Geologist

                                              logged in via email @gmail.com

                                              Score: -14

                                              insightful +
                                              unconstructive –

                                              Elaine,
                                              All the points you raise have been used by proponents of AGW. So no intellectual honesty in your study then. Shame.

                                              dissenting climate scientists as rent-seeking frauds
                                              dissenting climate scientists as dissent-stifling elite
                                              Hansen as Galileo
                                              Hansen as the people’s scientist.
                                              Non alarmist climate science as religion
                                              Non alarmist climate science as a new creationism
                                              non alarmist climate science as right-wing conspiracy
                                              Nuclear energy as a money-spinning scam.

                                              • about 15 hours ago
                                                1. Eclipse Now

                                                  Eclipse Now

                                                  Manager of design firm

                                                  logged in via email @optusnet.com.au

                                                  Score: +2

                                                  insightful +
                                                  unconstructive –

                                                  Hi Marc,
                                                  the biggest point against the dissenting climate scientists is not the scientists, or the funding, but the science. And the fact that the tired old myths they push again and again and again have been debunked and addressed in the peer-reviewed literature. So they dig up a Denialist fan base and guess what they do? Repeat the myths again! It’s only fair. They can’t get published in the peer-reviewed literature, so they go outside it and write science fiction like Ian Plimer’s ‘Heaven and Earth’, one of the worst pieces of anti-science agit-prop ever written. Funny how geologists set themselves up as climate experts. But hey, as a discipline you guys seem genetically predisposed to Denialism. Almost makes me think of that recent kid’s movie “Avatar: the last air-bender”. Experts in earth and air seemed to be old enemies.

                                                  • about 12 hours ago
                                                    1. Marc Hendrickx

                                                      Marc Hendrickx

                                                      Geologist

                                                      logged in via email @gmail.com

                                                      Score: -10

                                                      insightful +
                                                      unconstructive –

                                                      Mr Now.
                                                      (If that is your real name), The peer reviewed literature increasingly indicates that IPCC climate models have overstated the climate’s response to human activity, be it through increased emissions of greenhouse gases, or landuse change or other factors. This is not to say we will not face challenges in the future as we put increasing pressure on our surroundings, Thankfully the science has shown that the climate Armageddon favoured by a few has a low probability of eventuating.
                                                      Avatar (the one with the tall blue smurfs) is a good analogy for the propaganda activists, (such as yourself) have been spruiking.

                                                    2. Bruce Moon

                                                      Bruce Moon

                                                      Bystander!

                                                      logged in via email @imap.cc

                                                      Score: -1

                                                      insightful +
                                                      unconstructive –

                                                      Elaine

                                                      I have a concern with your article.

                                                      First, let me say I have no concern with you contrasting the views of the IPA – a looney right entity of political conservatism – with the established scientific view towards climate change.

                                                      The concern I have appears minor, but I suggest serves to undermine the credibility of your argument.

                                                      My concern is that you only canvas the views of the established scientific view towards climate change and those of the looney right IPA.

                                                      Despite the strongly held views of the established scientific view towards climate change, there are other credible alternate views about this phenomena. My concern is it would have been preferable had you at least acknowledged that those other views exist, before then seeking to debunk the biased views presented by the looney right IPA. That way, you would have shown you were not engaging in the bigger debate, rather, just targeting the politics of the looney right.

                                                      Cheers

                                                    3. Sean Lamb

                                                      Sean Lamb

                                                      logged in via Facebook

                                                      Score: -5

                                                      insightful +
                                                      unconstructive –

                                                      Ha!

                                                      I always knew it. The Liberal Party hates children and wants them all to drown or whatever disastrous outcome it is this month.

                                                      Actually the messianism is by no means limited to Climate Change deniers on this issue.

                                                      Anyway the mark of a good theory is the ability to make predictions – thus far the record of Climate Change scientists on that score has been somewhat less than stellar.

                                                    4. Simon Chapman

                                                      Simon Chapman

                                                      Professor of Public Health at University of Sydney

                                                      Score:

                                                      insightful +
                                                      unconstructive –

                                                      The most amusing thing about “think tanks” is the way they seem to crave status as genuine seats of scholarship. They typically call themselves “Institutes”, you know, like Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the National Cancer Institute or the Institute Pasteur. The allow their staff to be called “Fellows”, you know, like Oxford dons. They publish occasional papers. The grain-fed new-fogeyist types who work there have often never had any other job or life experience beyond undergraduate Labor…

                                                      show full comment

                                                    5. James Walker

                                                      James Walker

                                                      logged in via Facebook

                                                      Score: -1

                                                      insightful +
                                                      unconstructive –

                                                      So, why can a fairy tale get up and stay up?

                                                      Because the general public have no reason to trust anyone. We can’t get access to the original scientific research (yet – https://theconversation.edu.au/spread-the-word-scientists-are-tearing-down-publishers-walls-5098 – so there’s hope).

                                                      Our schools are a joke, so we lack the background scientific education to understand what is going on (consider how the phrase “just a theory” demonstrates a misunderstanding of what a scientific theory *is…

                                                      show full comment

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  • Paving our market gardens:choosing suburbs over food

     

    Hot Topics

    3 January 2012, 8.14am AEST

    Paving our market gardens: choosing suburbs over food

    In 1947 the Sydney Basin produced “three quarters of the State’s lettuces, half of the spinach, a third of the cabbages and a quarter of the beans; seventy percent of the State’s poultry farms were in the [Basin] and more than eighteen percent of Sydney’s milk came from the [Basin]”. Sixty years later…

    Author

    Disclosure Statement

    Jonathan Sobels received funding as a member of the National Institute for Labour Studies at Flinders University which was commissioned by the Department of Immigration and Citizenship to carry out the research from which this article is an edited excerpt.

    Flinders University is a Member of The Conversation.

    Our goal is to ensure the content is not compromised in any way. We therefore ask all authors to disclose any potential conflicts of interest before publication.

    Icon-cc Licence to republish

    We license our articles under Creative Commons — attribution, no derivatives.

    Click here to get a copy of this article to republish.

    Dsr4ghx8-1323220721 We need to think about the benefits of locally grown food before signing off on suburban sprawl. avlxyz/Flickr

    In 1947 the Sydney Basin produced “three quarters of the State’s lettuces, half of the spinach, a third of the cabbages and a quarter of the beans; seventy percent of the State’s poultry farms were in the [Basin] and more than eighteen percent of Sydney’s milk came from the [Basin]”.

    Sixty years later, the Metropolitan Plan proposes reducing the area of Basin farms to about 600 hectares, through the residential development of 220,000 homes in the north-west and south-west growth areas. The development will pave over 52% or 603 hectares of Sydney’s remaining fresh produce farms. The area devoted to greenhouse vegetables could decline by as much as 60%.

    In 2006, of the 90% of the vegetable growers who produced 90% of Sydney’s fresh vegetables, 40% had market gardens located in the designated urban growth areas with no apparent strategies for their relocation¹.

    Local farmers have economic and social benefits

    Existing agricultural production within the Sydney Basin contributes about $1 billion at the farm gate and $4.5 billion in multiplier effects to the NSW economy². These farmers are producing 12% of the “farm gate value” of NSW primary production using just 1% of the state’s land area.

    Of the $1 billion farm gate production value, vegetables accounted for $250 million per annum (pa), poultry $278 million pa (both worth 40% of NSW production), and cut flowers $185 million pa.

    Peri-urban gardening is also socially valuable. Market gardens have been vital in establishing the livelihoods of successive waves of immigrants. Each wave began cultivating particular crops of fresh vegetables with which they were familiar (and for which their own communities were a captive market).

    They were able to establish a capital base working in factories, restaurants, driving taxis, working on farms and purchasing their own land. They were motivated to be “their own boss”, avoid situations where language was a problem in earning an income, and to avoid being on social security. About 80% of market gardeners are from non-English-speaking backgrounds.

    Everything is interdependent

    Food security in capital cities relies upon interdependent global systems of financial and food markets, political trade agreements, cheap fuel costs in transportation, and sophisticated logistics. Food security implies a constant availability of food.

    Sydney, like most of south-eastern Australia in 2006 – 2009 became vulnerable to drought. Floods and cyclones in Queensland created shortages of some foods, most notably bananas in 2011. NSW already imports 75% of its seafood.

    Sydney is vulnerable to international volatility in market prices for a range of commodities. And should the price of oil escalate, it will make transportation of fresh foods over long distances problematic. For these reasons, Sydney needs its own supply of food.

    Fresh food means better health

    In October 2009, a Victorian Local Government Association report discussed the issue of food insecurity from the perspective of the steady decline of agricultural production close to Melbourne. The study linked the loss of peri-urban agricultural production with food security, land use planning, health and jobs.

    When food is 40% to 70% of your weekly budget, any price rise can be life threatening. There were food riots in 28 countries in 2008 when world prices doubled and tripled for dietary staples – wheat, rice and corn/maize. We are fortunate that food only comprises around 15% of the weekly budget in Australia. We are fortunate, too, that we can afford to throw out some 30% of the food we purchase.

    What’s more important: development or food?

    Other stakeholders – such as land developers – responded positively to NSW’s release of the planned growth regions. Their not-unexpected perspective was captured by the headline: Grow suburbs, not vegies.

    These proponents of growth and development look to technology to offer “industrial” food production. They want to use techniques such as capital-intensive computer-controlled glasshouses using hydroponics technology, and large transport hubs to organise food distribution by road to Sydney from production beyond the Sydney Basin.

    Real estate developers have a substantial stake in the implementation of the State Metropolitan Plan growth areas. Preserving Sydney’s urban and peri-urban farms will apparently “cripple” the city’s growth, decreasing housing and rental stocks as population growth increases and forcing up prices. Mr Aaron Gadiel, CEO of the Urban Taskforce, asks“ “should we … deprive ourselves of housing and job-creating industries to prop up an industry which is not economically viable?”.

    But I wonder: should local, fresh food production be equated with development in terms of priorities?

    References

    1. Parker, F., 2007. Making peri-urban farmers on the fringe matter, State of Australian Cities Conference, Adelaide, November.

    2. Sydney Food Fairness Alliance, 2006. Sydney Basin Agriculture: Local Food, Local Economy. Newsletter # 1, SFFA.

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    1. November 30, 2011 What happens when there’s no water? How the Murray-Darling plan might affect communities
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      1. Frank Moore

        Frank Moore

        Consultant

        logged in via email @gmail.com

        Score:

        insightful +
        unconstructive –

        Johnathon, you don’t ask the most relevant question for this, the Free Trade, Ultra Competitive trading world, based on a Globe challenged by over population, diminishing water and food sources, and the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
        You could answer: What percentage of the build of 220,000 homes will be exported? (Expect zero). How much Debt will Australia incur to fund the roads, hospitals, sewerage, schools, police etc? (Expect an increase). What percentage of the punters inhabiting the 220,000 homes will prove to be net Exporters of Goods and Services during the course of their lives? (Expect 1? 2? percent).
        Nothing proves the corruption of Australian politics more than this story. You have export replacement, immigrant based workforce, doing something for our unsustainable cities, being supplanted on the whims of our great import orientated mega businesses…

      2. James Walker

        James Walker

        logged in via Facebook

        Score:

        insightful +
        unconstructive –

        Melbourne is much the same – high quality land disappearing under buildings.
        It’s not necessary – we have lots of low quality land that we could happily pave over for houses and businesses. Further, if our cities were surrounded by a mile or 3 of desert, they’d be better protected from bushfires.
        We need to move inland.

        • Home
  • The Geology of Climate Change

    Many opinions expressed by one camp or the other clearly identify the seminal differences in their world view. “If the globe is an organism and global warming is a fever induced by human activity then humanity is an illness. Those misanthropes in climate change industry who hold this view start from a point of view that the planet is sacred and humans are somehow harming it.”

    Among these identifiers of the great divide, someone put forward the notion that geologists are common in the ranks of climate change deniers and rare in the scientists supporting it. The assumption of most commentators analysing this phenomena is that geologists see the occurrence of many global warming events in the past and therefore see nothing uncommon about the current cycle.

    That seems to me to be a point of view exploring a little more thoroughly.

    One of the characteristics of life on earth is that it is fuelled by sunlight. Plants capture the energy of the sun to build complex carbo-hydrates from carbon dioxide CO2 and water H2O.

    The oxygen O2 that is a by-product of this process is the active component that allows animals to break down those carbohydrates and release the energy stored in them so they can live. The presence of oxygen and the absence of carbon dioxide is the most remarkable difference about the earth pre and post the carboniferous age.

    Even without Lovelock’s observation that the dynamic nature of earth’s atmosphere is a clear indicator of life, there is no doubt that the evolution of chlorophyll in plants began changing the atmosphere of the earth by sequestering the carbon dioxide into plant material which was locked up in forests and buried under ground.

    So, over hundreds of millions of years, life altered the perceivable chemistry of the earth, radically changing the climate and with it, the water and carbon cycle.

    It is hardly surprising then, that by digging up those carbon deposits and releasing them back into the atmosphere that we have had an impact on that same atmosphere and climate. All that remains is some back of the envelope calculation to indicate what kind of impact two hundred years of industrial development have had on hundreds of millions of years of gentle sequestration.

    Given that, there is absolutely no reason for geologists not to join the rest of their scientific colleagues in calling for an end to the false debate that there is “another side” to the story and that we have not exhausted all the arguments as to why the world is really flat.

     

  • My Maruti

    Most of the motoring reviewers can the three cylinder, 1000cc engine, but I bought the car for price and I’m impressed. It does struggle with four people on board, but if I wanted a people mover I would have bought something that weighed more than 800kg and is longer than the Alto’s tiny 2.5 metres.

     

    I regularly get under 5l/110km fuel efficiency, but it is very sensitive to my lead foot. If I drive at 100km an hour consistently, it runs at about 4.8, but sitting on 130km/h with occasional bursts of speed it starts to nudge 5.5. If you race, rather than potter around town, it really starts to suck on the juice. I occasionally crack 6 when I am zipping in and out of the traffic a lot.

    The car has also copped a lot of flack for its miniscule boot. I mostly drive around with the back seats down. That makes it very roomy. In the eighteen months I have owned my Maruti, I have moved house twice, carrying everything from two drawer filing cabinets to rolled up futons in the little hatch back with the back seats down.

    A couple of times I have had to move the front seat forward and lean the back forward as much as possible and once, I have had to leave the hatchback open when I was carrying some 2.7 metre timbers which we recovered from the Brisbane flood.

    The reviewers who dislike the Maruti mostly seem to forget they are talking about a car that is the cheapest on the market and the cheapest to run. They compare it unfavourably with cars that cost two to four thousand dollars more, and argue that it should really carry three people in the back seat, have a larger boot, or wider wheels.

    Why? I simply cannot imagine that anyone buying a car on price, as I did, is going to be the least interested in those sort of useless extras, when the obviously bump the price up. The Alto is a brilliant compromise on features, to keep the price down. I would have gone even more basic if it was within the law, I don’t care about electric windows, rear windscreen wipers or six airbags, though I’m perfectly happy to take advantage of them when they are provided.

    I certainly do not suffer any disappointment over having no lid on my glove box, a small boot that will only fit my supermarket shopping and an overnight bag, or a car that goes slowly up hills when it is carrying four people.

    That’s my Maruti.

    One review that is reasonably positive and has attracted lots of feedback is The Motor Report’s

  • My deep green secret

    “We’ll welcome the people in the leaky boats the same way we welcome the 450,000 immigrants on the plane, except they get a hot shower first.”

     

    The quick breath through the teeth tells me the lay of the land.

    “I don’t like it,” says Bob, “They should get out there and work like the rest of us did – Irish, Italian, Vietnamese, whatever.”

    “Ah, don’t harden your heart, Bob. These are real people with real troubles. They need help.”

    Bob’s son is in Afghanistan fighting. He can’t see why his son should risk his life, over there while the native son gets fed over here.

    He thinks we should send fighting age youth home to support the Australian soldiers.

    “It’s their fight,” he says.

    “Fair enough. If it’s good enough for our boys …”

    I let him finish the sentence in his own mind. He sips his JD and nods.

    I decide not to argue that we shouldn’t be there in the first place.

    My secret mentor, Bob is.

    ™

    The sad fact of this election campaign is the complete lack of leadership.

     

    We are a real nation with real troubles. We need help.

    We do not need outside help, we need to help ourselves. We need to get our act together and take responsibility for our own future.

     

    That requires a leader.

     

    This should not be a competition to identify the best manager of an enormous company that turns over 100 billion a year.

    This should be the moment when a nation chooses its leader.

    The reason that no-one can make head or tail of the 2010 election campaign, is because the parties are too busy trying to differentiate themselves from each other to recognise that they have no idea what is going on. They have no idea what is going on because they believe that running a campaign, or a political party, is so important that nothing else matters.

     

    Among the clamour of a thousand different voices, they can only respond to the most influential, the best prepared, the ones that will get them the right headline in the morning. So they do.

     

    Leaders do not do that.

    Leaders have a clear picture of what is needed and leaders say, this is what we are going to do and I need you, you and you to work out how to do it and you, you and you to help me make it happen.

    Australia is looking for a leader.

    ™

    Australia’s next leader will be Green.

    Bob Brown may not be the prime minister after this election, or the one after that. Some time in the next couple of election cycles, a leader will emerge, to show this country the way through the increasingly complex, and devastating storm of financial collapse, food shortages and global migration.

    We all know that. That’s why it is so easy to make us afraid of refugees.

    “All those poor people over there are going to come here and take all our stuff.”

    And we are afraid of that because that is exactly what we did.

     

    That leader will open up the north west of the country, connecting the nation by rail and building huge new trading ports at the point where we face the rest of the world.

    Because that leader will be Green that leader will use rail rather than road and will make the cities zero waste and fully renewable. They will be built to last centuries not years. We will learn to smelter steel by concentrating sunlight.

     

    That leader will rebuild the hospitable welcoming spirit of the Australian people, will govern in the spirit of a “fair go” and will guarantee an honest reward for an honest day’s work.

     

    That leader will refuse to sell the resources of this country as raw material so that you and I fritter away the wealth on gadgets and gismos at the cost of making our grandchildren starve.

     

    Rich nations are buying (or stealing) the land and resources of poor nations to protect their people against this difficult future. Our politicians are busy selling our resources off – often to the lowest bidder.

    That leader will be Green because only the Greens make policy based on the long term effect of government’s decisions rather than its immediate economic impact.

    The Greens say that we should not build new coal fired power stations because the only way to learn how to smelter steel using sunlight is to start developing the tools for converting sunlight to energy, right now.

    The Greens say that we should be building rail not roads because it consumes one tenth of the energy to drag along on metal wheels on metal tracks, compared to rubber on macadam.

    That leader will be Green because The Greens are the only political party that has been out in the field, with the loggers and the fishers and the farmers arguing about the future.

    Other politicians have gone out to make promises. The Greens have gone out there to argue for a better world.

    The loggers and the farmers and the fishers and the shooters might be angry, but they are engaged. They are angry because they know that the future is uncertain, that nature can be wild and cruel and that humans need to organise and work together if we are to survive.

    These people of the land and sea are angry with The Greens because The Greens want to change a whole lot of the patterns that have been learned over a lifetime.

    The people of the land and sea, though, are the first people to realise when the forest is dead, or the fish have run out or that spring that has flowed for a century has dried up.

    The people of the land and sea know that we are in trouble and unless we get it right we are going to be fighting with each other.

    The people of the land and sea are only beginning to realise that when it the going gets tough, it is The Greens who will be there with them to build a future that is different from the past.

    After all, it is The Greens who have been out there in the forests, up there on the smoke stacks, down there in the water – standing up to be counted and saying “something has got to change.”

    ™

    “So, you going to lead us out of the wilderness, son?”

    I confess personality flaws that suggest otherwise.

    “What about your man?”

    “Bob Brown?”

    Bob puts down the JD and nods. One eye finds mine.

    “I’ll never vote for you Joe. But if you need back up, yell”

    I thank him. Kerry is coming back with the take-away.

    Bob indicates I should lean closer. I don’t think he’s going to throw a surprise headlock on me, so I do.

    “There’s one thing I’ll say for Bob Brown. He is gay, that’s okay, but he’s the only real man in parliament.”

    I laugh and bang the ute top before I say good night.

    He’s my secret mentor, Bob is.

     

     

  • Nuclear waste is still not safe

    Having reviewed the entire article in the light of the comments made I agree that there were some things that I wrote which I had not researched thoroughly and I did write for maximum impact rather than for maximum consideration of the full story. The shades of grey never make headlines.

    That being said, I stand by the vast majority of the statements that I made, and invite you to make up your own mind after considering the resources provided to below. I have not used resources from anti-nuclear groups that could be accused of fudging the figures, or only emphasising one side of the story.

    I have used resources from the nuclear industry itself, government agencies and reliable, independent newspapers. Links to these resources are available below.

    “Millions of tonnes of nuclear waste sit in council dumps.”

    This statement has been described as alarmist. I agree that it is alarming but as it is true and alarming, I fail to see that it is alarmist.

     

    Here are the facts

     

    There are 121 locations across the US storing nuclear waste – Scientific American http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=what-does-the-us-do-with-nuclear-waste.

    There are millions of gallons of nuclear waste at one facility in Hamford – http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-11/ssso-wds112707.php

    The US is stockpiling over 1 million tonnes of high level depleted uranium http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf04.html

    Britain is storing over 100,000 tonnes of high level waste but has now way of telling exactly how much because there is no central record http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/radioactive-waste-stored-has-doubled-in-15-years-604923.html

    Most nuclear waste is currently stored in interim depots awaiting long term storage solutions – World Nuclear Association http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf04ap2.html

    75 of them are administered by State or County governments. These tend to hold the low level waste, but many of them have been found to be leaking.

    If that is not enough, google “nuclear waste leak” and you get more of the picture.

     

    Yucca mountain and safe storage

     

    “The [US] government reached the conclusion [when considering Yucca Mountain] that it is impossible to store the waste safely”

     

    This statement has been described as alarmist on the basis that the government found it possible to store the waste safely, but prohibitively expensive.

     

    While it is true that the US government is still wrangling internally over whether to build Yucca mountain or not, http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/content/view/38435/ there is no doubt that the scientists advising the government have reached the conclusion that the dump cannot be made safe in the long term. /articles/archive/1195-this-is-not-a-place-of-honor

    Bunker busting bombs and babies

    This is the area where I accept that I did skimp on my research and may have been led into making some wild claims. For example I claimed that the depleted uranium is used to make shell casings, when it is in fact made into a rod inside the shell. I also used the term explode instead of the more accurate term vaporise. I did not ever claim that depleted uranium is the basis of a nuclear bomb or an atomic explosion, however.

     

    The criticism that concerns me most, however, referred to defects in the research used to describe the connection between the use of depleted uranium in bunker busted bombs and birth defects in Iraq. My further research into those claims have been unable to unearth a clear proof for some of those claims. I will certainly pay more attention to the details of that research in the future.

    Politicians, passion and accuracy

    It is a requirement of political speech writing to simplify and clarify complex arguments to communicate effectively. This is also a requirement of newspaper writing, all ethical marketing and scientific documentation.

     

    The tendency in politics is to go for the emotional hot-buttons and I stand corrected for having got hot under the collar about this topic.

     

    I thank those who made their comments, especially James Courtney, who took the time to detail his criticisms and explain his concerns.