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  • Inquiry demands more detail on Murray-Darling plan

    Inquiry demands more detail on Murray-Darling plan

    By Timothy McDonald, ABCJuly 6, 2012, 7:20 pm

     

    A parliamentary inquiry into the proposed Murray-Darling Basin Plan wants a better explanation of how the Government intends to return water to the river system.

    The inquiry says the Government has outlined how much water it wants to return but has so far failed to say where it will get about half of it.

    Irrigators have welcomed the inquiry’s findings and they agree that Parliament should not consider legislation on the issue without more detail.

    But one group of environmental scientists says the inquiry failed to address a much bigger issue.

    The head of the inquiry, independent MP Tony Windsor, says water policy is incredibly complicated and at the moment the Murray-Darling Basin Plan does not do much to take the mystery out of it.

    “A lot of the planning documentation is based on modelling and a lot of that modelling is not easily explained to the community,” he said.

    “So we’re arguing that one of the key things that the Government and the Murray-Darling Basin Authority should do is make it very clear how they intend or would prefer to put together their water recovery plan so that not only is it feasible for that water to be delivered to some of the environmental icon sites and some of the productive uses, but the community actually understands how that water would be delivered.”

    Under the plan, 2,750 gigalitres should be returned to the Murray-Darling Basin.

    The National Irrigators Council has backed the inquiry’s findings, but spokesman Tom Chesson says it is not clear where at least 1,000 gigalitres of that water will come from.

    “Is it coming from Victoria, New South, South Australia and which valleys is it coming from?” he said.

    “Potentially you know that could wipe valleys out if a good proportion of that was to come from one individual valley.

    “So I think that is a good recommendation. My understanding is that that also means how do they make that recovery? Is it through buy backs? Is it through improvements in the way the river operates? Is it in infrastructure?”

    Water savings

    The inquiry has made a number of recommendations.

    It wants the Government to release a water recovery strategy and its proposal for environmental water trading before it introduces a plan to Parliament.

    Mr Windsor also wants a mechanism that will automatically take into account water savings.

    “When savings are made that if there’s a target, say in the case 2,750 gigalitres is the target,” he said.

    “But if there are environmental works and measure efficiencies make that that figure automatically drop, that’s what’s called a sustainable diversion limit.”

    Opposition spokesman Simon Birmingham agrees there is a great deal of community concern over what the Murray-Darling Basin plan will mean.

    He says at least some of those worries could be addressed with more information.

    “The problem to date is that all the focus has been on planning on how much water needs to be recovered and none of it from the Government has been on planning how that water will be recovered,” he said.

    “If they actually do both things at once then there’s a far greater chance of enjoying community support and being able to get cross party support for this plan when it reaches the Parliament.”

    Exploring all options

    Tim Stubbs, an environmental engineer with the Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists, is less than impressed.

    “We’ve never had a more educated Parliament and that inquiry didn’t give that impression. It appeared that people were really there just to get a quote for their local newspaper and push their barrow forward,” he said.

    “It didn’t appear to be trying to address the big issues of the Murray Darling and how we need to tackle this problem.”

    He says the inquiry should be considering returning more water to the river system.

    “The Authority has failed to provide information to anyone on what volume of water we actually need for a healthy river system,” he said.

    “It’s given a volume but that volume is highly adjusted for constraints that are believed to be in the system.

    “And a range of them are legal and rules-based constraints. So we don’t actually know from the Authority, or anyone, what the scientific value is that we need for a healthy Murray-Darling system.

    “Now there’s other work that indicates that that’s around 4,000 gigalitres. The Murray-Darling Basin Authority have only really looked at the number of 2,750 gigalitres.

    “His inquiry was the prime opportunity to take that up and really look into what is the difference and what volumes do we need for a healthy river. It hasn’t done that.”

    Environment Minister Tony Burke is yet to say if the Government will agree to the inquiry’s findings.

    But he says he will work through the committee’s recommendations.

  • Greens alliance under siege

    Greens alliance under siege

    Updated: 09:29, Saturday July 7, 2012

    Prime Minister Julia Gillard’s close link to the Greens Party has reportedly been challenged by the party’s New South Wales secretary Sam Dastyari.

    According to a report in the Weekend Australian, Mr Dastyari says Labor should consider preferencing the Greens last at the federal election.

    Mr Dastyari describes the Greens as extremists not unlike ‘One Nation’ and says Labor must stop treating them like part of the family.

    The report says the call was made without consulting the Prime Minister.

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  • Labor ‘gives up’ on its carbon tax case (Abbott)

    AAPJuly 7, 2012, 12:45 pm

    Labor ‘gives up’ on its carbon tax case

     

    Labor has already given up trying to justify its carbon tax to the Australian people, Opposition Leader Tony Abbott says.

    Mr Abbott says a week after the national tax on carbon emissions was introduced, Prime Minister Julia Gillard has essentially “given up the fight”.

    Publicly Labor was avoiding the subject while privately its members were already discussing changes to the tax, he told reporters on the Gold Coast on Saturday.

    “This is the tax that dare not speak its name (and) meanwhile, inside the government, there is all this talk of trying to change the tax,” Mr Abbott said.

    “My message to the government – the Australian people’s message to the government – is that this is a toxic tax … and the only way to fix it is to axe it.”

    The opposition leader reiterated his vow to do just that if the coalition won government at the next federal election.

    He was commenting during a visit to a popular local pie shop at Yatala, on the Gold Coast’s northern fringe, as part of his campaign against the carbon tax.

    He said the store was typical of tens of thousands of Australian businesses that were “under the gun” because of the tax.

    The opposition leader toured the shop’s on-site bakery, where he tried his hand at making some pies with the federal MP for Ford, Burt van Manen.

  • 5 Implications of plate tectonics 5.2 Plate tectonics and climate change

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    5 Implications of plate tectonics

    5.2 Plate tectonics and climate change

    This unit began by considering the evidence in the Earth’s past for the existence of supercontinents and how evidence of past climates recorded in continental rocks can be used to reassemble ancient continental configurations. The evidence was interpreted in such a way that the continents were considered as passive recorders of the surface conditions that they have experienced on their inexorable passage across the Earth’s surface. While such an assumption is broadly correct, it does not take more than a momentary glance at a map of the world today to realise that the disposition of the continents has a marked effect on both local and global climate. Not the least of these effects results from the difference in the thermal properties of land versus ocean – a continental region will be colder in winter and warmer in summer than an oceanic region at any given latitude. Moreover mountain belts formed as a consequence of plate tectonic activity dramatically modify rainfall through the effects of orography – the development of a rain shadow on the leeward side of mountain belts.

    Global climate is also strongly controlled by ocean currents. For example, northwestern Europe is significantly warmer than other regions at similar latitudes because of the warming effects of the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift. The reversal of oceanic currents in the equatorial Pacific – a phenomenon known as El Niño – has a far-reaching effect on climate around the Pacific. Ocean currents depend on the geometry of the oceans and this is controlled by plate tectonics. Hence, over geological timescales the movement of plates and continents has a profound effect on the distribution of land masses, mountain ranges and the connectivity of the oceans. As a consequence, plate tectonics has a very direct and fundamental influence on global climate.

    To illustrate this effect, the next page briefly describes the opening of a seaway between the southern tip of South America and Antarctica, and how that affected global climate.

    The climate of modern Antarctica is extreme. Located over the South Pole and in total darkness for six months of the year, the continent is covered by glacial ice to depths in excess of 3 km in places. Yet this has not always been the case. 50 Ma ago, even though Antarctica was in more or less the same position over the pole, the climate was much more temperate – there were no glaciers and the continent was covered with lush vegetation and forests. So how did this extreme change come about?

    The modern climate of Antarctica depends upon its complete isolation from the rest of the planet as a consequence of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current that completely encircles Antarctica and gives rise to the stormy region of the Southern Ocean known as the roaring forties. The onset of this current is related to the opening of seaways between obstructing continents. Antarctica and South America were once joined together as part of Gondwana and were the last parts of this original supercontinent to separate. By reconstructing continental positions from magnetic and other features of the sea floor in this region, geologists have shown that the Drake Passage opened in three phases between 50 Ma and 20 Ma, as illustrated in Figure 32. At 50 Ma there was possibly a shallow seaway between Antarctica and South America, but both continents were moving together. At 34 Ma the seaway was still narrow, but differential movement between the Antarctic and South American Plates created a deeper channel between the two continents that began to allow deep ocean water to circulate around the continent. Finally, at 20 Ma there was a major shift in local plate boundaries that allowed the rapid development of a deep-water channel between the two continental masses.

     

    Launch in separate player

    What other major change in global plate motions occurred between 43 Ma and 50 Ma?

    Now read the answer

    The change of orientation of the Hawaiian hot-spot trace shows that at this time the Pacific Plate changed from a northward velocity direction to a northwestward direction.

    The coincidence of the change in motion of the Pacific Plate with changes in plate motions between S. America and Antarctica shows how the motions of all the plates are interconnected – a change in the true motion of one plate leads to changes in the true motions of many others.

    While these plate motions were taking place the effect on Antarctica was profound. By 34 Ma the climate cooled from the temperate conditions that previously existed. This was sufficient for glaciers to begin their advance, and was followed by a period of continued cooling until at about 20 Ma, glaciation was complete. Even though the Drake Passage first opened at 50 Ma it was not until it opened to deep water at 34 Ma that glaciation really took hold

    Today, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest deep ocean current and its strength is responsible for the ‘icehouse’ climate that grips the planet. The opening of the Drake Passage had both a local and a global effect, initially cooling the climate of Antarctica from temperate to cold and ultimately playing an important role in the change from global ‘greenhouse’ conditions 50 Ma ago to the global ‘icehouse’ of today.

    This example shows how plate tectonics, continental drift and the opening and closing of seaways can have a profound influence on both local and global climate. Throughout the Phanerozoic there were long periods when the Earth was much warmer than today – often called a ‘greenhouse’ climate – and other times when it was cold – called an ‘icehouse’ climate. These cycles, like the Wilson cycle, occur over periods of 100 Ma, reflecting the timescale of plate movements and the growth and destruction of oceans. Given the clear link between ocean circulation and climate, and the similar timescales of global climate change and plate motions, it is inescapable that one of the chief controls on long-term changes in the global climate must be plate tectonics.

     

     

  • Not all big emitters back Abbott

    Not all big emitters back Abbott

    Updated: 04:45, Saturday July 7, 2012

    Not all big emitters back Abbott

    A survey of heavy greenhouse emitters that pay Canberra’s carbon tax, shows less than a quarter of those asked openly support Tony Abbott’s plan to scrap the scheme.

    The survey is in Fairfax papers and shows concerns over the design of the scheme, with some wanting a more rapid move to a market-based emissions trading scheme, scrapping a planned floor price and more generous compensation.

    The papers say 40 big emitters of 294 companies that pay the carbon tax were asked whether they want to repeal or to change the scheme.

    Nine wanted the scheme scrapped, while eight, including AGL and mining company BHP Billiton and oil companies Shell and Caltex, say they favour some form of carbon pricing.

    Industry observers believe Mr Abbott would face pressure to apply some form of carbon price if he wins government.

  • GT Energy and E.ON to Develop Five New Geothermal Projects in the UK

    ROVs: A High-Tech Win-Win Investment in the Offshore Drilling Boom

    Posted: 06 Jul 2012 10:24 AM PDT

    An increase in offshore, deep-sea oil drilling and a nod to Shell to proceed in the Alaskan Arctic will drive demand for remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs) through 2015. An ROV is a tethered underwater vehicle often employed in offshore hydrocarbon extraction. ROVs are linked to ships via a tether of cables that carry electrical power and video and data signals back and forth. The more technologically advanced ROVs also employ hydraulics, sonars, magnetometers and other equipment used to take water samples. The offshore oil and gas industry…

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    U.S. Arrogance Triples Fuel Prices for Troops in Afghanistan

    Posted: 05 Jul 2012 03:51 PM PDT

    Most days, writing about energy issues is less interesting than watching paint dry, as a mind-numbing procession of barrels per day, investment infrastructure costs and bilateral memos of understanding make one wish that their current topics was Britney Spears.But every now and again, a news item illuminates the landscape like a star shell fired over a midnight battlefield.Such an event occurred late last week when Vice Admiral Mark Harnitchek stated on 27 June that logistical supplies for U.S. and NATO International Security Assistance Forces…

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    Business as Usual for Big Oil Despite Falkland Tensions

    Posted: 05 Jul 2012 03:44 PM PDT

    While tensions between Britain and Argentina have been rising as a natural response to the 30th anniversary of the Falkland War, oil is the primary driver of a renewed Falkland dispute that will determine the fate of tens of billions of dollars in black gold.At the same time, while Argentine President Cristina Kirchner and British Prime Minister David Cameron are trading serious barbs over the sovereignty issue, big oil companies are largely ignoring the implications and conducting business as usual.The Falkand Islands (Islas Malvinas) were reclaimed…

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    Cities that are Paving the Way for an EV Revolution

    Posted: 05 Jul 2012 03:37 PM PDT

    Sixteen cities around the world have set a cumulative target to sell almost six million electric and plug in hybrid electric vehicles by 2020. If they reach this goal, EVs would account for about 6% of total vehicle sales and about 20 million cars on the road.A new report called the EV City Casebook highlights how these leading cities are putting the right pieces into place to encourage the adoption of EVs:“Cities are also leading by example. Many have already added electric vehicles to municipal fleets and incorporated hybrid buses into…

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    Burning Ultra-Low Sulphur Jet Fuel Could Actually Increase Global Warming

    Posted: 05 Jul 2012 03:26 PM PDT

    In an effort to reduce acid emissions from the aviation industry, preventing an annual number of between 1,000 and 4,000 deaths, it is planned to burn very low-sulphur jet fuel in planes. However, although better air quality is anticipated, such low sulphur fuels might also reduce the formation of sulphate aerosols, particles of which reflect solar energy back into space and help cool the planet.Such ultra-low sulphur jet fuels (ULSJ) contain just 15 ppm of sulphur, to be compared with a high of 3,000 ppm for some jet fuels. Indeed, the sulphur…

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    Energy Development Could Hold the Key for America’s Unemployed Masses

    Posted: 05 Jul 2012 03:24 PM PDT

    “For many American families, struggling to make ends meet in the jobless recovery, energy development is an answer to a prayer. The fact that the oil and gas boom has been done without taxpayer subsidies—and despite reactionary public policies at the federal level and in some states (such as New York)—means that more economic opportunity is on tap.”In this so-called “jobless” recovery, aka the Great Recession, an estimated 20 million American workers are unemployed or underemployed. One out of every two college…

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    $26 A Gallon for Biofuel – Is the Navy Paying too Much to be Green?

    Posted: 05 Jul 2012 03:22 PM PDT

    At the current RIMPAC, the world’s largest international naval exercise, the US are testing the use of biofuel as part of their plan to ‘green the fleet’ by 2016. The USNS Henry J. Kaiser is carrying 900,000 gallons of biofuel/petroleum mix; 700,000 in the form of hydro-treated renewable diesel fuel, and 200,000 gallons of hydro-treated renewable aviation fuel. The biofuel has been developed from waste cooking oil and algae oil, and cost a staggering $26 a gallon. Republicans in Washington are not happy.The Navy released a statement…

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    China to Quadruple 2015 Solar Energy Target

    Posted: 05 Jul 2012 03:21 PM PDT

    Due to the massive in-balance between supply and demand for solar cells, largely due to the huge manufacturing output of China, prices of PV panels have fallen to unprofitably low levels. Solyndra was the biggest and most famous of the companies to fall due to the low profit margins. Whilst the low prices can stimulate demand, they also deter new companies from entering the market, which means fewer teams researching solar technologies; a move that could harm the promising growth both in size and efficiency that the solar industry has seen lately.It…

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    GT Energy and E.ON to Develop Five New Geothermal Projects in the UK

    Posted: 05 Jul 2012 03:20 PM PDT

    As part of plans to increase operations in the UK and benefit from the government’s Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) programme, Ireland’s GT Energy has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with E.ON UK, one the largest power and gas companies in the kingdom to develop five new deep-geothermal projects.Padraig Hanly, the managing director of GT Energy, said that “government backing in the UK is already making a huge difference to a fledgling industry. The UK’s Renewable Heat Incentive is a welcome and positive step.”…

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