Oil consumption fell by 0.29% from 2007-08, while its more polluting relation coal saw a 3% increase in its use. Reasons for coal’s recent rise include the low price of emissions trading permits and the fuel’s increasing promotion as key for ‘energy security’.
• DATA: Fossil fuel consumption and oil reserves
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Country/region
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Oil
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Natural Gas
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Coal
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Nuclear Energy
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Hydro electric
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Total 2008
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Total 2007
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^ = less than 0.05 Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy Notes: In this Review, primary energy comprises commercially traded fuels only. Excluded, therefore, are fuels such as wood, peat and animal waste which, though important in many countries, are unreliably documented in terms of consumption statistics. Also excluded are wind, geothermal and solar power generation. Oil consumption is measured in million tonnes; other fuels in million tonnes of oil equivalent. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. |
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| US | 884.5 | 600.7 | 565.0 | 192.0 | 56.7 | 2299.0 | 2359.6 |
| Canada | 102.0 | 90.0 | 33.0 | 21.1 | 83.6 | 329.8 | 326.1 |
| Mexico | 90.0 | 60.5 | 9.0 | 2.3 | 8.6 | 170.4 | 163.7 |
| Total North America | 1076.6 | 751.2 | 606.9 | 215.4 | 148.9 | 2799.1 | 2849.4 |
| Argentina | 24.2 | 40.0 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 8.4 | 74.7 | 73.2 |
| Brazil | 105.3 | 22.7 | 14.6 | 3.1 | 82.3 | 228.1 | 220.4 |
| Chile | 16.8 | 2.3 | 3.2 | – | 5.4 | 27.8 | 28.8 |
| Colombia | 10.7 | 7.3 | 2.3 | – | 9.8 | 30.2 | 29.5 |
| Ecuador | 9.3 | 0.5 | – | – | 2.6 | 12.3 | 11.4 |
| Peru | 7.9 | 3.1 | 0.5 | – | 4.5 | 15.9 | 14.4 |
| Venezuela | 32.5 | 29.1 | ^ | – | 19.6 | 81.4 | 77.8 |
| Other S. & Cent. America | 63.6 | 23.6 | 2.2 | – | 19.9 | 109.3 | 108.0 |
| Total S. & Cent. America | 270.3 | 128.7 | 23.3 | 4.8 | 152.5 | 579.6 | 563.5 |
| Austria | 13.4 | 8.5 | 3.1 | – | 7.9 | 33.0 | 31.9 |
| Azerbaijan | 3.3 | 8.4 | ^ | – | 0.5 | 12.3 | 12.2 |
| Belarus | 7.7 | 17.3 | ^ | – | ^ | 25.1 | 24.6 |
| Belgium & Luxembourg | 41.3 | 15.3 | 4.6 | 10.4 | 0.1 | 71.7 | 72.7 |
| Bulgaria | 5.4 | 2.9 | 7.5 | 3.6 | 0.8 | 20.1 | 20.0 |
| Czech Republic | 9.9 | 7.8 | 19.1 | 6.0 | 0.5 | 43.3 | 43.8 |
| Denmark | 8.9 | 4.1 | 4.1 | – | ^ | 17.2 | 18.1 |
| Finland | 10.5 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 5.4 | 3.9 | 26.8 | 27.5 |
| France | 92.2 | 39.8 | 11.9 | 99.6 | 14.3 | 257.9 | 254.8 |
| Germany | 118.3 | 73.8 | 80.9 | 33.7 | 4.4 | 311.1 | 309.3 |
| Greece | 21.4 | 3.8 | 8.6 | – | 0.8 | 34.6 | 34.6 |
| Hungary | 7.7 | 10.8 | 2.8 | 3.4 | ^ | 24.7 | 24.8 |
| Iceland | 0.9 | – | 0.1 | – | 2.8 | 3.9 | 3.0 |
| Republic of Ireland | 9.0 | 4.5 | 1.4 | – | 0.2 | 15.1 | 15.4 |
| Italy | 80.9 | 69.9 | 17.0 | – | 8.8 | 176.6 | 178.5 |
| Kazakhstan | 10.9 | 18.5 | 33.6 | – | 1.7 | 64.7 | 61.8 |
| Lithuania | 3.1 | 2.9 | 0.2 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 8.7 | 8.7 |
| Netherlands | 46.5 | 34.7 | 9.2 | 0.9 | ^ | 91.4 | 89.3 |
| Norway | 9.8 | 4.0 | 0.5 | – | 31.8 | 46.0 | 45.1 |
| Poland | 24.9 | 12.5 | 59.4 | – | 0.6 | 97.4 | 95.1 |
| Portugal | 13.7 | 4.1 | 3.2 | – | 1.6 | 22.6 | 23.9 |
| Romania | 10.6 | 13.1 | 7.7 | 2.5 | 3.9 | 37.8 | 37.5 |
| Russia | 130.4 | 378.2 | 101.3 | 36.9 | 37.8 | 684.6 | 679.7 |
| Slovakia | 4.3 | 5.2 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 1.0 | 18.1 | 17.6 |
| Spain | 77.1 | 35.1 | 14.6 | 13.3 | 3.8 | 143.9 | 149.2 |
| Sweden | 14.5 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 14.5 | 14.8 | 46.7 | 48.0 |
| Switzerland | 12.1 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 29.4 | 28.2 |
| Turkey | 32.3 | 32.4 | 30.4 | – | 7.5 | 102.6 | 101.1 |
| Turkmenistan | 5.5 | 17.1 | – | – | – | 22.6 | 24.5 |
| Ukraine | 15.5 | 53.8 | 39.3 | 20.3 | 2.6 | 131.5 | 134.7 |
| United Kingdom | 78.7 | 84.5 | 35.4 | 11.9 | 1.1 | 211.6 | 214.7 |
| Uzbekistan | 5.5 | 43.8 | 1.4 | – | 1.4 | 52.2 | 49.5 |
| Other Europe & Eurasia | 29.2 | 15.4 | 16.1 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 79.7 | 77.0 |
| Total Europe & Eurasia | 955.5 | 1029.6 | 522.7 | 276.7 | 180.2 | 2964.6 | 2956.9 |
| Iran | 83.3 | 105.8 | 1.3 | – | 1.7 | 192.1 | 188.4 |
| Kuwait | 15.3 | 11.5 | – | – | – | 26.8 | 24.5 |
| Qatar | 4.6 | 17.9 | – | – | – | 22.5 | 21.7 |
| Saudi Arabia | 104.2 | 70.3 | – | – | – | 174.5 | 163.1 |
| United Arab Emirates | 22.9 | 52.3 | – | – | – | 75.2 | 65.0 |
| Other Middle East | 76.6 | 36.6 | 8.1 | – | 1.2 | 122.5 | 114.9 |
| Total Middle East | 306.9 | 294.4 | 9.4 | – | 2.8 | 613.5 | 577.6 |
| Algeria | 14.0 | 22.8 | 0.7 | – | 0.1 | 37.6 | 35.6 |
| Egypt | 32.6 | 36.8 | 1.0 | – | 3.9 | 74.3 | 69.6 |
| South Africa | 26.3 | – | 102.8 | 3.0 | 0.2 | 132.3 | 127.1 |
| Other Africa | 62.3 | 25.8 | 5.7 | – | 18.1 | 111.8 | 108.7 |
| Total Africa | 135.2 | 85.4 | 110.3 | 3.0 | 22.2 | 356.0 | 341.0 |
| Australia | 42.5 | 21.2 | 51.3 | – | 3.4 | 118.3 | 123.2 |
| Bangladesh | 4.6 | 15.6 | 0.4 | – | 0.3 | 20.9 | 19.8 |
| China | 375.7 | 72.6 | 1406.3 | 15.5 | 132.4 | 2002.5 | 1862.8 |
| Hong Kong | 14.5 | 2.3 | 7.0 | – | – | 23.8 | 25.5 |
| India | 135.0 | 37.2 | 231.4 | 3.5 | 26.2 | 433.3 | 409.2 |
| Indonesia | 57.4 | 34.2 | 30.2 | – | 2.7 | 124.4 | 117.9 |
| Japan | 221.8 | 84.4 | 128.7 | 57.0 | 15.7 | 507.5 | 515.8 |
| Malaysia | 21.8 | 27.6 | 5.0 | – | 1.5 | 56.0 | 56.4 |
| New Zealand | 7.3 | 3.4 | 2.1 | – | 5.0 | 17.9 | 17.8 |
| Pakistan | 19.3 | 33.8 | 6.7 | 0.4 | 6.3 | 66.5 | 64.8 |
| Philippines | 13.4 | 3.1 | 6.2 | – | 2.2 | 25.0 | 24.9 |
| Singapore | 49.9 | 8.3 | – | – | – | 58.2 | 55.1 |
| South Korea | 103.3 | 35.7 | 66.1 | 34.2 | 0.9 | 240.1 | 235.7 |
| Taiwan | 50.1 | 11.5 | 40.2 | 9.2 | 0.9 | 112.0 | 115.1 |
| Thailand | 36.7 | 33.7 | 15.4 | – | 1.6 | 87.3 | 86.0 |
| Other Asia Pacific | 30.0 | 12.2 | 34.6 | – | 11.6 | 88.4 | 86.1 |
| Total Asia Pacific | 1183.4 | 436.8 | 2031.2 | 119.8 | 210.8 | 3981.9 | 3816.0 |
| Total World | 3927.9 | 2726.1 | 3303.7 | 619.7 | 717.5 | 11294.9 | 11104.4 |
| of which: European Union | 702.6 | 441.1 | 301.2 | 212.7 | 70.6 | 1728.2 | 1732.2 |
| OECD | 2179.8 | 1354.1 | 1170.6 | 515.7 | 288.3 | 5508.4 | 5568.3 |
| Former Soviet Union | 189.5 | 548.6 | 176.9 | 60.0 | 54.0 | 1028.9 | 1022.8 |
| Other EMEs | 1558.6 | 823.4 | 1956.3 | 44.0 | 375.3 | 4757.5 | 4513.3 |